Dr. Gunnar Spreen

University of Bremen
Institute of Environmental Physics
Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Building NW1, office N3330, phone +49-421-218-62158
email: gunnar.spreen(at)uni-bremen.de

ORCID iD iconorcid.org/0000-0003-0165-8448

Curriculum Vitae and Research Interests

Gunnar Spreen received his Diplom in physics (comparable M.Sc.) and Ph.D. in oceanography from the University of Hamburg, Germany, in 2004 and 2008, respectively. Thereafter, until July 2012, he worked as a Caltech Postdoctoral Scholar in the Climate, Ocean, and Solid Earth Science Section at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, USA. From August 2012 Gunnar Spreen was employed as staff research scientist for sea ice remote sensing at the Norwegian Polar Institute, Tromsø, Norway. Since August 2015 he is the head of the research group "Remote Sensing of Polar Regions" at the University of Bremen, Institute of Environmental Physics.

His main research interests are satellite remote sensing of Polar Regions with focus on monitoring changes of sea ice (extent, mass, and dynamics) and on understanding underlying climate processes. Recent research focuses on the MOSAiC drift expedition (https://mosaic-expedition.org), which he joined for about half a year in 2019/2020 and serves as member on the project board. Conceptually, further work is based on analysis of sea ice drift in comparison to atmospheric reanalyses, estimating the sea ice export out of the Arctic Basin, freeboard data from altimetry, and improving sea ice concentration. Of central interest is the development of new methods to derive sea ice parameters like snow depth, lead fraction and thin ice thickness using passive and active microwave remote sensing. Satellite measurements are evaluated using ground-based and airborne field observation.

Projects

The following projects are currently worked on in the research group for Remote Sensing of Polar Regions.

  • (AC)3 – Arctic Amplification: Climate Relevant Atmospheric and Surface Processes, Feedback, and Mechanisms [DFG]
  • ArcTrain International Research Training Group [DFG]
  • CIMR – Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometern [ESA]
  • CRiceS – Climate relevant interactions and feedbacks: the key role of sea ice and snow in the polar and global climate system [EU H2020]
  • FreshArc – Arctic freshwater export through Fram Strait in an era of Arctic Ocean freshening and sea ice thinning [RCN]
  • IceSense – Remote Sensing of the Seasonal Evolution of Climate-relevant Sea Ice Properties [BMBF: MOSAiC Project]
  • INTAROS – Integrated Arctic Observing System [EU H2020]
  • meereisportal.de – joined platform for sea ice information and data
  • MOSAiC – Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate
  • MOSAiCmicrowaveRS - Understanding snow and sea ice properties at microwave frequencies for remote sensing applications during MOSAiC [DFG]
  • SIDRIFT – Sea Ice Deformation and Snow for an Arctic in Transition [RCN]

Book Chapters

  • Spreen, G., & S. Kern (2017). Chapter 9 Methods of satellite remote sensing of sea ice. In D. N. Thomas (Ed.), Sea Ice (3rd Edition, pp. 239–260). Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN: 978-1-118-77838-8, doi:10.1002/9781118778371
  • Kern, S., L. Kaleschke, G. Spreen, R. Ezraty, F. Girard-Ardhuin, G. Heygster, S. Andersen, & R. Tonboe (2008). Sea Ice Parameters from Microwave Radiometry. In V. Barale & M. Gade (Eds.), Remote Sensing of the European Seas (pp. 239–250). Netherlands: Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-6771-6, doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6772-3_18
  • Spreen, G., S. Kern, & D. Stammer (2006), Utilization of Multiple Satellite Sensors to Estimate Sea Ice Volume Flux through Fram Strait. In P. Wadhams & G. Amanatidis (Eds.), Arctic sea ice thickness: past, present & future, Climate Change and Natural Hazards series 10 (EUR 22416, pp. 176–192). Brussels, Belgium: European Commission. [Chapter (PDF-file)]

Peer-reviewed Publications

  1. Niehaus, H., G. Spreen, G. Birnbaum, L. Istomina, E. Jäkel, F. Linhardt, N. Neckel, M. Nicolaus, T. Sperzel, M. A. Webster, N. C. Wright,  Niels Fuchs, & Ran Tao (2022). Melt Pond Fraction Derived from Sentinel-2 Data: Along the MOSAiC Drift and Arctic-wide. Earth and Space Science Open Archive [preprint; submitted to Geophysical Research Letters], 14. doi:10.1002/essoar.10512911.1
  2. Thielke, L., N. Fuchs, G. Spreen, B. Tremblay, G. Birnbaum, M. Huntemann, N. Hutter, P. Itkin, A. Jutila, & M. A. Webster (2022). Seasonal predictability of summer melt ponds from winter sea ice surface temperature. Earth and Space Science Open Archive [preprint; submitted to Geophysical Research Letters], 14. doi:10.1002/essoar.10512617.1
  3. Nandan, V., R. Willatt, R. Mallett, J. Stroeve, T. Geldsetzer, R. Scharien, R. Tonboe, J. Landy, D. Clemens-Sewall, A. Jutila, D. N. Wagner, D. Krampe, M. Huntemann, J. Yackel, M. Mahmud, D. Jensen, T. Newman, S. Hendricks, G. Spreen, A. Macfarlane, M. Schneebeli, J. Mead, R. Ricker, M. Gallagher, C. Duguay, I. Raphael, C. Polashenski, M. Tsamados, I. Matero, & M. Hoppman (submitted to TC). Wind Transport of Snow Impacts Ka- and Ku-band Radar Signatures on Arctic Sea Ice. The Cryosphere Discuss. [submitted].
  4. Guo, W., P. Itkin, S. Singha, A. P. Doulgeris, M. Johansson, & G. Spreen (2022, in review for TC). Sea ice classification of TerraSAR-X ScanSAR images for the MOSAiC expedition incorporating per-class incidence angle dependency of image texture. The Cryosphere Discuss. [preprint]. doi:10.5194/tc-2022-86
  5. Melsheimer, C., G. Spreen, Y. Ye, & M. Shokr (2022, accepted for TC). Antarctic sea ice types from active and passive microwave remote sensing. The Cryosphere Discuss. [preprint]. doi:10.5194/tc-2021-381
  6. Zhang, Y., T. Zhu, G. Spreen, C. Melsheimer, M. Huntemann, N. Hughes, S. Zhang, & F. Li (2022, in review for TC). Sea ice and water classification on dual-polarized Sentinel-1 imagery during melting season. The Cryosphere Discuss. [preprint]. doi:10.5194/tc-2021-85
  7. Stroeve, J., V. Nandan, R. Willatt, R. Dadic, P. Rostosky, M. Gallagher, R. Mallett, A. Barrett, S. Hendricks, R. Tonboe, M. McCrystall, M. Serreze, L. Thielke, G. Spreen, T. Newman, J. Yackel, R. Ricker, M. Tsamados, A. Macfarlane, H.-R.. Hannula, & M. Schneebeli (2022). Rain on snow (ROS) understudied in sea ice remote sensing: a multi-sensor analysis of ROS during MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate). The Cryosphere, 16, 4223–4250. doi:10.5194/tc-16-4223-2022 [Article (PDF file)]
  8. Wendisch, M., M. Brückner, S. Crewell, A. Ehrlich, J. Notholt, C. Lüpkes, A. Macke, J. P. Burrows, A. Rinke, J. Quaas, M. Maturilli, V. Schemann, M. D. Shupe, E. F. Akansu, C. Barrientos-Velasco, K. Bärfuss, A.-M. Blechschmidt, K. Block, I. Bougoudis, H. Bozem, C. Böckmann, A. Bracher, H. Bresson, L. Bretschneider, M. Buschmann, D. G. Chechin, J. Chylik, S. Dahlke, H. Deneke, K. Dethloff, T. Donth, W. Dorn, R. Dupuy, K. Ebell, U. Egerer, R. Engelmann, O. Eppers, R. Gerdes, R. Gierens, I. V. Gorodetskaya, M. Gottschalk, H. Griesche, V. M. Gryanik, D. Handorf, B. Harm-Altstädter, J. Hartmann, M. Hartmann, B. Heinold, A. Herber, H. Herrmann, G.Heygster, I. Höschel, Z. Hofmann, J. Hölemann, A. Hünerbein, S. Jafariserajehlou, E. Jäkel, C. Jacobi, M. Janout, F. Jansen, O. Jourdan, Z. Jurányi, H. Kalesse-Los, T. Kanzow, R. Käthner, L. L. Kliesch, M. Klingebiel, E. M. Knudsen, T. Kovács, W. Körtke, D. Krampe, J. Kretzschmar, D. Kreyling, B. Kulla, D. Kunkel, A. Lampert, M. Lauer, L. Lelli, A. von Lerber, O. Linke, U. Löhnert, M. Lonardi, S. N. Losa, M. Losch, M. Maahn, M. Mech, L. Mei, S. Mertes, E. Metzner, D. Mewes, J. Michaelis, P. G. Mioche, M. Moser, K. Nakoudi, R. Neggers, R. Neuber, T. Nomokonova, J. Oelker, I. Papakonstantinou-Presvelou, F. Pätzold, V. Pefanis, C. Pohl, M. van Pinxteren, A. Radovan, M. Rhein, M. Rex, A. Richter, N. Risse, C. Ritter, P. Rostosky, V. V. Rozanov, E. Ruiz Donoso, P. Saavedra-Garfias, M. Salzmann, J. Schacht, M. Schäfer, J. Schneider, N. Schnierstein, P. Seifert, S. Seo, H. Siebert, M. A. Soppa, G. Spreen, I. S. Stachlewska, J. Stapf, F. Stratmann, I. Tegen, C. Viceto, C. Voigt, M. Vountas, A. Walbröl, M. Walter, B. Wehner, H. Wex, S. Willmes, M. Zanatta, & S. Zeppenfeld (2022). Atmospheric and Surface Processes, and Feedback Mechanisms Determining Arctic Amplification: A Review of First Results and Prospects of the (AC)³ Project. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc.. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0218.1
  9. Gabarró, C., P. Fabregat, F. Hernández-Macià, R. Jove, J. Salvador, G. Spreen, L. Thielke, R. Dadic, M. Huntemann, N. Kolabutin, D. Nomura, H.-R. Hannula, & M. Schneebeli (2022). First results of the ARIEL L-band radiometer on the MOSAiC Arctic Expedition during the late summer and autumn period. Elementa Sci. Anth., 10(1). doi:10.1525/elementa.2022.00031 [Article (PDF file)]
  10. Lu, J., R. Scarlat, G. Heygster, & G. Spreen (2022). Reducing Weather Influences on an 89 GHz Sea Ice Concentration Algorithm in the Arctic Using Retrievals From an Optimal Estimation Method. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 127, e2019JC015912. doi:10.1029/2019JC015912 [Article (PDF file)]
  11. Thielke, L., M. Huntemann, S. Hendricks, A. Jutila, R. Ricker, & G. Spreen (2022). Sea ice surface temperatures from helicopter-borne thermal infrared imaging during the MOSAiC expedition. Sci. Data, 9, 364. doi:10.1038/s41597-022-01461-9 [Article (PDF file)]
  12. Shi, Q., J. Su, G. Spreen, & Q. Yang (2022). An Improved Sea-Ice Velocity Retrieval Algorithm Based On 89 GHz Brightness Temperature Satellite Data in the Fram Strait. Earth and Space Science, 9(6), e2021EA002170. doi:10.1029/2021EA002170 [Article (PDF file)]
  13. Rudjord, Ø., R. Solberg, G. Spreen, & S. Gerland (2022). Estimating thin ice thickness around Svalbard using MODIS satellite imagery. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography. doi:10.1080/04353676.2022.2070158
  14. Mchedlishvili, A., G. Spreen, C. Melsheimer, & M. Huntemann (2022). Weddell Sea polynya analysis using SMOS-SMAP apparent sea ice thickness retrieval. The Cryosphere, 16, 471–487. doi:10.5194/tc-16-471-2022 [Article (PDF file)]
  15. Rabe, B., , C. Heuzé, J. Regnery, Y. Aksenov, J. Allerholt, M. Athanase, Y. Bai, C. Basque, D. Bauch, T. M. Baumann, D. Chen, S. T. Cole, L. Craw, A. Davies, E. Damm, K. Dethloff, D. V. Divine, F. Doglioni, F. Ebert, Y.-C. Fang, I. Fer, A. A. Fong, R. Gradinger, M. A. Granskog, R. Graupner, C. Haas, H. He, Y. He, M. Hoppmann, M. Janout, D. Kadko, T. Kanzow, S. Karam, Y. Kawaguchi, Z. Koenig, B. Kong, R. A. Krishfield, T. Krumpen, D. Kuhlmey, I. Kuznetsov, M. Lan, G. Laukert, R. Lei, T. Li, S. Torres-Valdés, L. Lin, L. Lin, H. Liu, N. Liu, B. Loose, X. Ma, R. McKay, M. Mallet, R. D. C. Mallett, W. Maslowski, C. Mertens, V. Mohrholz, M. Muilwijk, M. Nicolaus, J. K. O'Brien, D. Perovich, J. Ren, M. Rex, N. Ribeiro, A. Rinke, J. Schaffer, I. Schuffenhauer, K. Schulz, M. D. Shupe, W. Shaw, V. Sokolov, A. Sommerfeld, G. Spreen, T. Stanton, M. Stephens, J. Su, N. Sukhikh, A. Sundfjord, K. Thomisch, S. Tippenhauer, J. M. Toole, M. Vredenborg, M. Walter, H. Wang, L. Wang, Y. Wang, M. Wendisch, J. Zhao, M. Zhou, & J. Zhu (2022). Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Physical oceanography. Elementa Sci. Anth., 10(1), 00062. doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00062 [Article (PDF file)]
  16. Shupe, M. D., M. Rex, B. Blomquist, P. O. G. Persson, J. Schmale, T. Uttal, D. Althausen, H. Angot, S. Archer, L. Bariteau, I. Beck, J. Bilberry, S. Bucci, C. Buck, M. Boyer, Z. Brasseur, I. M. Brooks, R. Calmer, J. Cassano, V. Castro, D. Chu, D. Costa, C. J. Cox, J. Creamean, S. Crewell, S. Dahlke, E. Damm, G. de Boer, H. Deckelmann, K. Dethloff, M. Dütsch, K. Ebell, A. Ehrlich, J. Ellis, R. Engelmann, A. A. Fong, M. M. Frey, M. R. Gallagher, L. Ganzeveld, R. Gradinger, J. Graeser, V. Greenamyer, H. Griesche, S. Griffiths, J. Hamilton, G. Heinemann, D. Helmig, A. Herber, C. Heuzé, J. Hofer, T. Houchens, D. Howard, J. Inoue, H.-W. Jacobi, R. Jaiser, T. Jokinen, O. Jourdan, G. Jozef, W. King, A. Kirchgaessner, M. Klingebiel, M. Krassovski, T. Krumpen, A. Lampert, W. Landing, T. Laurila, D. Lawrence, M. Lonardi, B. Loose, C. Lüpkes, M. Maahn, A. Macke, W. Maslowski, C. Marsay, M. Maturilli, M. Mech, S. Morris, M. Moser, M. Nicolaus, P. Ortega, J. Osborn, F. Pätzold, D. K. Perovich, T. Petäjä, C. Pilz, R. Pirazzini, K. Posman, H. Powers, K. A. Pratt, A. Preußer, L. Quéléver, M. Radenz, B. Rabe, A. Rinke, T. Sachs, A. Schulz, H. Siebert, T. Silva, A. Solomon, A. Sommerfeld, G. Spreen, M. Stephens, A. Stohl, G. Svensson, J. Uin, J. Viegas, C. Voigt, P. von der Gathen, B. Wehner, J. M. Welker, M. Wendisch, M. Werner, Z.Q. Xie, & F. Yue (2022). Overview of the MOSAiC Expedition—Atmosphere. Elementa Sci. Anth., 10(1), 00060. doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.00060 [Article (PDF file)]
  17. Nicolaus, M., D. K. Perovich, G. Spreen, M. A. Granskog, L. von Albedyll, M. Angelopoulos, P. Anhaus, S. Arndt, H. J. Belter, V. Bessonov, G. Birnbaum, J. Brauchle, R. Calmer, E. Cardellach, B. Cheng, D. Clemens-Sewall, R. Dadic, E. Damm, G. de Boer, O. Demir, K. Dethloff, D. V. Divine, A. A. Fong, S. Fons, M. M. Frey, N. Fuchs, C. Gabarró, S. Gerland, H. F. Goessling, R. Gradinger, J. Haapala, C. Haas, J. Hamilton, H.-R. Hannula, S. Hendricks, A. Herber, C. Heuzé, M. Hoppmann, K. V. Høyland, M. Huntemann, J. K. Hutchings, B. Hwang, P. Itkin, H.-W. Jacobi, M. Jaggi, A. Jutila, L. Kaleschke, C. Katlein, N. Kolabutin, D. Krampe, S. S. Kristensen, T. Krumpen, N. Kurtz, A. Lampert, B. A. Lange, R. Lei, B. Light, F. Linhardt, G. E. Liston, B. Loose, A. R. Macfarlane, M. Mahmud, I. O. Matero, S. Maus, A. Morgenstern, R. Naderpour, V. Nandan, A. Niubom, M. Oggier, N. Oppelt, F. Pätzold, C. Perron, T. Petrovsky, R. Pirazzini, C. Polashenski, B. Rabe, I. A. Raphael, J. Regnery, M. Rex, R. Ricker, K. Riemann-Campe, A. Rinke, J. Rohde, E. Salganik, R. K. Scharien, M. Schiller, M. Schneebeli, M. Semmling, E. Shimanchuk, M. D. Shupe, M. M. Smith, V. Smolyanitsky, V. Sokolov, T. Stanton, J. Stroeve, L. Thielke, A. Timofeeva, R. T. Tonboe, A. Tavri, M. Tsamados, D. N. Wagner, D. Watkins, M. Webster, & M. Wendisch (2022). Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Snow and sea ice. Elementa Sci. Anth., 10(1), 000046. doi:10.1525/elementa.2021.000046 [Article (PDF file)]
  18. Kortum, K., S. Singha, & G. Spreen (2022). Robust Multi-Seasonal Ice Classification from High-Resolution X-Band SAR. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 60(4408512), 1–12. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2022.3144731
  19. Semmling, A. M., J. Wickert, F. Kress, M. M. Hoque, D. V. Divine, S. Gerland, G. Spreen (2022). Sea-Ice Permittivity Derived From GNSS Reflection Profiles: Results of the MOSAiC Expedition. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 60(4302416), 1–16. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2021.3121993
  20. Demir, O., J. T. Johnson, K. C. Jezek, M. J. Andrews, K. Ayotte, G. Spreen, S. Hendricks, L. Kaleschke, M. Oggier, M. A. Granskog, A. Fong, M. Hoppmann, I. Matero, D. Scholz (2022). Measurements of 540-1740 MHz Brightness Temperatures of Sea Ice during the Winter of the MOSAiC Campaign. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 60(5302011), 1–11. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2021.3105360
  21. Krumpen, T., L. von Albedyll, H. F. Goessling, S. Hendricks, B. Juhls, G. Spreen, S. Willmes, H. J. Belter, K. Dethloff, C. Haas, L. Kaleschke, C. Katlein, X. Tian-Kunze, R. Ricker, P. Rostosky, J. Rückert, S. Singha, & J. Sokolova (2021). MOSAiC drift expedition from October 2019 to July 2020: sea ice conditions from space and comparison with previous years. The Cryosphere, 15, 3897–3920. doi:10.5194/tc-15-3897-2021 [Article (PDF file)]
  22. Crewell, S., K. Ebell, P. Konjari, M. Mech, T. Nomokonova, A. Radovan, D. Strack, A. M. Triana-Gómez, S. Noël, R. Scarlat, G. Spreen, M. Maturilli, A. Rinke, I. Gorodetskaya, C. Viceto, T. August, & M. Schröder (2021). A systematic assessment of water vapor products in the Arctic: from instantaneous measurements to monthly means. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 14, 4829–4856. doi:10.5194/amt-14-4829-2021 [Article (PDF file)]
  23. Rösel, A., S. L. Farrell, V. Nandan, J. Richter-Menge, G. Spreen, D. V. Divine, A. Steer, J.-C. Gallet, & S. Gerland (2021). Implications of surface flooding on airborne estimates of snow depth on sea ice. The Cryosphere, 15, 2819–2833. doi:10.5194/tc-15-2819-2021 [Article (PDF file)]
  24. Zúñiga, D., A. Sanchez-Vidal, M. M. Flexas, D. Carroll, M. M. Rufino, G. Spreen, A. Calafat, & F. Abrantes (2021). Sinking Diatom Assemblages as a Key Driver for Deep Carbon and Silicon Export in the Scotia Sea (Southern Ocean). Front. Earth Sci., 9:579198. doi:10.3389/feart.2021.579198 [Article (PDF file)]
  25. Wendisch, M., D. Handorf, I. Tegen, R. A. J. Neggers, & G. Spreen (2021). Glimpsing the ins and outs of the Arctic atmospheric cauldron, Eos, 102. doi:10.1029/2021EO155959
  26. Munoz-Martin, J. F., A. Perez, A. Camps, S. Ribó, E. Cardellach, J. Stroeve, V. Nandan, P. Itkin, R. Tonboe, S. Hendricks, M. Huntemann, G. Spreen & M. Pastena (2020). Snow and Ice Thickness Retrievals Using GNSS-R: Preliminary Results of the MOSAiC Experiment. Remote Sensing, 12(24), 4038. doi:10.3390/rs12244038 [Article (PDF file)]
  27. Stroeve, J., V. Nandan, R. Willatt, R. Tonboe, S. Hendricks, R. Ricker, J. Mead, R. Mallett, M. Huntemann, P. Itkin, M. Schneebeli, D. Krampe, G. Spreen, J. Wilkinson, I. Matero, M. Hoppmann & M. Tsamados (2020). Surface-based Ku- and Ka-band polarimetric radar for sea ice studies. The Cryosphere, 14(12), 4405-4426. doi:10.5194/tc-14-4405-2020 [Article (PDF file)]
  28. Istomina, L., H. Marks, M. Huntemann, G. Heygster, & G. Spreen (2020). Improved cloud detection over sea ice and snow during Arctic summer using MERIS data. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 6459–6472. doi:10.5194/amt-13-6459-2020 [Article (PDF file)]
  29. Ludwig, V., G. Spreen, & L. T. Pedersen (2020). Evaluation of a New Merged Sea-Ice Concentration Dataset at 1 km Resolution from Thermal Infrared and Passive Microwave Satellite Data in the Arctic. Remote Sens.  12(19), 3183. doi:10.3390/rs12193183 [Article (PDF file)]
  30. Duarte, P., A. Sundfjord, A. Meyer, S. R. Hudson, G. Spreen, & L. H. Smedsrud (2020). Warm Atlantic Water explains observed sea ice melt rates north of Svalbard. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125(8), e2019JC015662. doi:10.1029/2019JC015662 [Article (PDF file)]
  31. Tarroux, A., Y. Cherel, P. Fauchald, A. Kato, O. Love, Y. Ropert-Coudert, G. Spreen, Ø. Varpe, H. Weimerskirch, N. Yoccoz, S. Zahn, S. Descamps (2020). Foraging tactics in dynamic sea-ice habitats affect individual state in a long-ranging seabird. Funct. Ecol., 34(9), 1839-1856. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.13632 [Article (PDF file)]
  32. Triana-Gómez, A. M., G. Heygster, C. Melsheimer, G. Spreen, M. Negusini, & B. H. Petkov (2020). Improved water vapour retrieval from AMSU-B and MHS in the Arctic. Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 3697–3715. doi:10.5194/amt-13-3697-2020 [Article (PDF file)]
  33. Pohl, C., V. V. Rozanov, L. Mei, J. P. Burrows, G. Heygster, & G. Spreen (2020). Implementation of an ice crystal single-scattering property database in the radiative transfer model SCIATRAN. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 253, 107118. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2020.107118 [Article (PDF file)]
  34. Spreen, G., L. de Steur, D. Divine, E. Hansen, S. Gerland, & R. Kwok (2020). Arctic Sea Ice Volume Export through Fram Strait From 1992 to 2014. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125, e2019JC016039. doi:10.1029/2019JC016039 [Article (PDF file)]
  35. Yu, X., A. Rinke, W. Dorn, G. Spreen, C. Lüpkes, H. Sumata, & V. M. Gryanik (2020). Evaluation of Arctic sea ice drift and its dependency on near-surface wind and sea ice conditions in the coupled regional climate model HIRHAM-NAOSIM. The Cryosphere, 14, 1727–1746. doi:10.5194/tc-14-1727-2020 [Article (PDF file)]
  36. Rostosky, P., G. Spreen, S. Gerland, M. Huntemann, & M. Mech (2020). Modeling the Microwave Emission of Snow on Arctic Sea Ice for Estimating the Uncertainty of Satellite Retrieval. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125(3), e2019JC015465. doi:10.1029/2019JC015465 [Article (PDF file)]
  37. Scarlat, R. C., G. Spreen, G. Heygster, M. Huntemann, C. Patilea, L. T. Pedersen, & R. Saldo (2020). Sea Ice and Atmospheric Parameter Retrieval From Satellite Microwave Radiometers: Synergy of AMSR2 and SMOS Compared With the CIMR Candidate Mission. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 125(3), e2019JC015749. doi:10.1029/2019JC015749 [Article (PDF file)]
  38. Pohl, C., L. Istomina, S. Tietsche, E. Jäkel, J. Stapf, G. Spreen, & G. Heygster (2020). Broadband albedo of Arctic sea ice from MERIS optical data. The Cryosphere, 14, 165–182. doi:10.5194/tc-14-165-2020 [Article (PDF file)]
  39. Pohl, C., V. V. Rozanov, M. Wendisch, G. Spreen, & G. Heygster (2020). Impact of the near-field effects on radiative transfer simulations of the bidirectional reflectance factor and albedo of a densely packed snow layer. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer, 241, 106704. doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2019.106704 [Article (PDF file)]
  40. Newman, L., P. Heil, R. Trebilco, K. Katsumata, A. J. Constable, E. van Wijk, K. Assmann, J. Beja, P. Bricher, R. Coleman, D. Costa, S. Diggs, R. Farneti, S. Fawcett, S. T. Gille, K. R. Hendry, S. F. Henley, E. Hofmann, T. Maksym, M. Mazloff, A. J. S. Meijers, M. P. Meredith, S. Moreau, B. Ozsoy, R. Robertson, I. R. Schloss, O. Schofield, J. Shi, E. L Sikes, I. J. Smith, S. Swart, A. Wahlin, G. Williams, M. J.M. Williams, L. Herraiz-Borreguero, S. Kern, J. Lieser, R. Massom, J. Melbourne-Thomas, P. Miloslavich, & G. Spreen (2019). Delivering sustained, coordinated and integrated observations of the Southern Ocean for global impact. Front. Mar. Sci., 6, 433. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00433 [Article (PDF file)]
  41. Ludwig, V., G. Spreen, C. Haas, L. Istomina, F. Kauker, & D. Murashkin (2019). The 2018 North Greenland polynya observed by a newly introduced merged optical and passive microwave sea-ice concentration dataset. The Cryosphere, 13(7), 2051–2073. doi:10.5194/tc-13-2051-2019 [Article (PDF file)]
  42. Graham, R., P. Itkin , A. Meyer, A. Sundfjord, G. Spreen, L. H. Smedsrud, G. E. Liston, B. Cheng, L. Cohen, D. Divine, I. Fer, A. Fransson, S. Gerland, J. Haapala, S. R. Hudson, A. M. Johansson, J. King, I. Merkouriadi, A. K. Peterson, C. Provost, A. Randelhoff, A. Rinke, A. Rösel, N. Sennéchael, V. P. Walden, P. Duarte, P. Assmy, H. Steen, & M. A. Granskog (2019). Winter storms accelerate the demise of sea ice in the Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean. Scientific Reports, 9, 9222. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-45574-5 [Article (PDF file)]
  43. Wendisch, M., A. Macke, A. Ehrlich, C. Lüpkes, M. Mech, D. Chechin, K. Dethloff, C. Barientos, H. Bozem, M. Brückner, H.-C. Clemen, S. Crewell, T. Donth, R. Dupuy, K. Ebell, U. Egerer, R. Engelmann, C. Engler, O. Eppers, M. Gehrmann, X. Gong, M. Gottschalk, C. Gourbeyre, H. Griesche, J. Hartmann, M. Hartmann, B. Heinold, A. Herber, H. Herrmann, G. Heygster, P. Hoor, S. Jafariserajehlou, E. Jäkel, E. Järvinen, O. Jourdan, U. Kästner, S. Kecorius, E. M. Knudsen, F. Köllner, J. Kretzschmar, L. Lelli, D. Leroy, M. Maturilli, L. Mei, S. Mertes, G. Mioche, R. Neuber, M. Nicolaus, T. Nomokonova, J. Notholt, M. Palm, M. van Pinxteren, J. Quaas, P. Richter, E. Ruiz-Donoso, M. Schäfer, K. Schmieder, M. Schnaiter, J. Schneider, A. Schwarzenböck, P. Seifert, M. D. Shupe, H. Siebert, G. Spreen, J. Stapf, F. Stratmann, T. Vogl, A. Welti, H. Wex, A. Wiedensohler, M. Zanatta, & S. Zeppenfeld (2019). The Arctic Cloud Puzzle: Using ACLOUD/PASCAL Multi-Platform Observations to Unravel the Role of Clouds and Aerosol Particles in Arctic Amplification, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 100(5), 841–871. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-18-0072.1 [Article (PDF file)]
  44. Patilea, C., G. Heygster, M. Huntemann, & G. Spreen (2019). Combined SMAP/SMOS Thin Sea Ice Thickness Retrieval, The Cryosphere. 13, 675–691. doi:10.5194/tc-13-675-2019 [Article (PDF file)]
  45. Liu, J., Z. Chen, Y. Hu, Y. Zhang, Y. Ding, X. Cheng, Q. Yang, L. Nerger, G. Spreen, R. Horton, J. Inoue, C. Yang, M. Li, & M. Song (2019). Towards reliable Arctic sea ice prediction using multivariate data assimilation. Science Bulletin, 64, 63–72. doi:10.1016/j.scib.2018.11.018
  46. Rostosky, P., G. Spreen, S. L. Farrell, T. Frost, G. Heygster, & C. Melsheimer (2018). Snow depth retrieval on Arctic sea ice from passive microwave radiometers—Improvements and extensions to multiyear ice using lower frequencies. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 123(10), 7120–7138. doi:10.1029/2018JC014028 [Article (PDF file)]
  47. Murashkin, D., G. Spreen, M. Huntemann, & W. Dierking (2018). Method for detection of leads from Sentinel-1 SAR images. Ann. Glaciol., 59(76pt2), 124–136. doi:10.1017/aog.2018.6 [Article (PDF file)]
  48. Lam, H. M., G. Spreen, G. Heygster, C. Melsheimer, & N. W. Young (2018). Erroneous sea ice concentration retrieval in the East Antarctic. Ann. Glaciol., 59(76pt2), 201–212. doi:10.1017/aog.2018.1 [Article (PDF file)]
  49. Malinka, A., E. Zege, L. Istomina, G. Heygster, G. Spreen, D. Perovich, & C. Polashenski (2018). Reflective properties of melt ponds on sea ice. The Cryosphere, 12, 1921–1937. doi:10.5194/tc-12-1921-2018 [Article (PDF file)]
  50. Lu, J., G. Heygster, & G. Spreen (2018). Atmospheric Correction of Sea Ice Concentration Retrieval for 89 GHz AMSR-E Observations. IEEE J-STARS., 11(5), 1442–1457. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2018.2805193
  51. King, J., H. Skourup, S. M. Hvidegaard, A. Rösel, S. Gerland, G. Spreen, C. Polashenski, V. Helm, & G. E. Liston (2018). Comparison of freeboard retrieval and ice thickness calculation from ALS, ASIRAS, and CryoSat-2 in the Norwegian Arctic, to field measurements made during the N-ICE2015 expedition. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 123(2), 1123–1141. doi:10.1002/2017JC013233 [Article (PDF file)]
  52. Itkin P., G. Spreen, S. M. Hvidegaard, H. Skourup, J. Wilkinson, S. Gerland, & M. A. Granskog (2018). Contribution of deformation to sea-ice mass balance: a case study from an N-ICE2015 storm. Geophys. Res. Lett., 45(2), 789–796. doi:10.1002/2017GL076056 [Article (PDF file)]
  53. Johansson, A. M., C. Brekke, G. Spreen, & J. A. King (2018). X-, C-, and L-band SAR signatures of newly formed sea ice in Arctic leads during winter and spring. Rem. Sens. Env., 204, 162–180. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2017.10.032 [Article (PDF-File)]
  54. Barbaro, E., A. Spolaor, O. Karroca, K.-T. Park, T. Martma, E. Isaksson, J. Kohler, J. C. Gallet, M. P. Bjorkman, D. Cappelletti, G. Spreen, R. Zangrando, C. Barbante, & A. Gambaro (2017). Free amino acids in the Arctic snow and ice core samples: potential markers for paleoclimatic studies. Science of the Total Environment, 607-608, 454–462. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.041
  55. Fransson, A., M. Chierici, I. Skjelvan, A. Olsen, P. Assmy, A. K. Peterson, G. Spreen, & B. Ward (2017). Effects of sea-ice and biogeochemical processes and storms on under-ice water fCO2 during the winter-spring transition in the high Arctic Ocean: implications for sea-air CO2 fluxes. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 122(7), 5566–5587. doi:10.1002/2016JC012478 [Article (PDF-File)]
  56. Itkin, P., G. Spreen, B. Cheng, M. Doble, F. Girard-Ardhuin, J. Haapala, N. Hughes, L. Kaleschke, M. Nicolaus, & J. Wilkinson (2017). Thin ice and storms: sea ice deformation from buoy arrays deployed during N-ICE2015. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 122(6), 4661–4674. doi:10.1002/2016JC012403 [Article (PDF-File)]
  57. Spreen, G., R. Kwok, D. Menemenlis, & A. T. Nguyen (2017). Sea ice deformation in a coupled ocean-sea ice model and in satellite remote sensing data. The Cryosphere, 11, 1553–1573. doi:10.5194/tc-11-1553-2017 [Article (PDF-File)]
  58. King, J., G. Spreen, S. Gerland, C. Haas, S. Hendricks, L. Kaleschke, & C. Wang (2017). Sea-Ice Thickness from field measurements in the north-western Barents Sea. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 122(2), 1497–1512. doi:10.1002/2016JC012199 [Article (PDF-File)]
  59. Vallelonga, P., N. Maffezzoli, A. D. Moy, M. A. J. Curran, T. R. Vance, R. Edwards, G. Hughes, E. Barker, G. Spreen, A. Saiz-Lopez, J. P. Corella, C. A. Cuevas, & A. Spolaor (2017). Sea-ice-related halogen enrichment at Law Dome, coastal East Antarctica. Clim. Past, 13, 171–184. doi:10.5194/cp-13-171-2017 [Article (PDF-File)]
  60. Assmy, P., M. Fernandez-Mendez, P. Duarte, A. Meyer, A. Randelhoff, C. Mundy, L. Olsen, H. Kauko, A. Bailey, M. Chierici, L. Cohen, A. Doulgeris, J. Ehn, A. Fransson, S. Gerland, H. Hop, S. Hudson, N. Hughes, P. Itkin, G. Johnsen, J. King, B. Koch, Z. Koenig, S. Kwasniewski, S. Laney, M. Nicolaus, A. Pavlov, C. Polashenski, C. Provost, A. Rösel, M. Sandbu, G. Spreen, L. Smedsrud, A. Sundfjord, T. Taskjelle, A. Tatarek, J. Wiktor, P. Wagner, A. Wold, H. Steen, & M. Granskog (2017). Leads in Arctic pack ice enable early phytoplankton blooms below snow-covered sea ice. Scientific Reports, 7, 40850. doi:10.1038/srep40850 [Article (PDF-File)]
  61. Johansson, A. M., J. A. King, A. P. Doulgeris, S. Gerland, S. Singha, G. Spreen, & T. Busche (2017). Combined observations of Arctic sea ice with near-coincident colocated X-band, C-band, and L-band SAR satellite remote sensing and helicopter-borne measurements. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 122(1), 669–691. doi:10.1002/2016JC012273 [Article (PDF-File)]
  62. Ressel, R., S. Singha, S. Lehner, A. Rösel, & G. Spreen (2016). Investigation into different polarimetric features for sea ice classification using X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar. IEEE J-STARS, 9(7), 3131–3143. doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2539501 [Article (PDF-File)]
  63. Ye, Y., M. Shokr, G. Heygster, & G. Spreen (2016). Improving Multiyear Ice Concentration Estimates with Ice Drift. Remote Sens., 8(5), 397. doi:10.3390/rs8050397 [Article (PDF-File)]
  64. Kaleschke, L., X. Tian-Kunze, N. Maaß, A. Beitsch, A. Wernecke, M. Miernecki, G. Müller, B. H. Fock, A. M. Gierisch, K. H. Schlünzen, T. Pohlmann, M. Dobrynin, S. Hendricks, J. Asseng, R. Gerdes, P. Jochmann, N. Reimer, J. Holfort, C. Melsheimer, G. Heygster, G. Spreen, S. Gerland, J. King, N. Skou, S. S. Søbjærg, C. Haas, F. Richter, & T. Casal (2016). SMOS sea ice product: Operational application and validation in the Barents Sea marginal ice zone. Remote Sens. Environ., 180, 264–273. doi:10.1016/j.rse.2016.03.009
  65. Krumpen, T., R. Gerdes, C. Haas, S. Hendricks, A. Herber, V. Selyuzhenok, L. Smedsrud, & G. Spreen (2016). Recent summer sea ice thickness surveys in the Fram Strait and associated ice volume fluxes. The Cryosphere, 10(2), 523–534. doi:10.5194/tc-10-523-2016 [Article (PDF-File)]
  66. Granskog, M. A., P. Assmy, S. Gerland, G. Spreen, H. Steen, & L. H. Smedsrud (2016). Arctic research on thin ice: Consequences of Arctic sea ice loss. Eos Trans. AGU, 97. doi:10.1029/2016EO044097. [Article (PDF-File)]
  67. Spolaor, A., T. Opel, J. R. McConnell, O. J. Maselli, G. Spreen, C. Varin, T. Kirchgeorg, D. Fritzsche, & P. Vallelonga (2016). Halogen-based reconstruction of Russian Arctic sea ice area from the Akademii Nauk ice core (Severnaya Zemlya). The Cryosphere, 10(1), 245–256. doi:10.5194/tc-10-245-2016 [Article (PDF-File)]
  68. Hansen, E., S. Gerland, K. V. Høyland, O. Pavlova, & G. Spreen (2015). Time variability in the annual cycle of sea ice thickness in the Transpolar Drift. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 120(12), 8135–8150. doi:10.1002/2015JC011102 [Article (PDF-File)]
  69. Duarte, P., P. Assmy, H. Hop, G. Spreen, S. Gerland, & S. R. Hudson (2015). The importance of vertical resolution in sea ice algae production models. Journal of Marine Systems, 145, 69–90. doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.12.004
  70. Haine, T. W. N., B. Curry, R. Gerdes, E. Hansen, M. Karcher, C. Lee, B. Rudels, G. Spreen, L. de Steur, K. D. Stewart, & R. Woodgate (2015). Arctic Freshwater Export: Status, Mechanisms, and Prospects. Global and Planetary Change, 125, 13–35. doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.11.013
  71. Beckers, J. F., A. H. H. Renner, G. Spreen, S. Gerland, & C. Haas (2015). Sea-ice surface roughness estimates from airborne laser scanner and laser altimeter observations in Fram Strait and north of Svalbard. Ann. Glaciol., 56(69), 235–244. doi:10.3189/2015AoG69A717 [Article (PDF-File)]
  72. Kern, S., & G. Spreen (2015). Uncertainties in Antarctic Sea-Ice Thickness Retrieval from ICESat. Ann. Glaciol., 56(69), 107–119. doi:10.3189/2015AoG69A736 [Article (PDF-File)]
  73. Hansen, E., O-C. Ekeberg, S. Gerland, O. Pavlova, G. Spreen, & M. Tschudi (2014). Variability in categories of Arctic sea ice in Fram Strait. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119(10), 7175–7189. doi:10.1002/2014JC010048 [Article (PDF-File)]
  74. Renner, A. H. H., S. Gerland, C. Haas, G. Spreen, J. F. Beckers, E. Hansen, M. Nicolaus, H. Goodwin (2014). Evidence of Arctic sea ice thinning from direct observations. Geophys. Res. Lett., 41(14), 5029–5036. doi:10.1002/2014GL060369 [Article (PDF-file)]
  75. Cape, M. R., M. Vernet, M. Kahru, & G. Spreen (2014). Polynya dynamics drive primary production in the Larsen A and B embayments following ice shelf collapse. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 119(1), 572–594. doi:10.1002/2013JC009441 [Article (PDF-file)]
  76. Assmy, P., J. K. Ehn, M. Fernández-Méndez, H. Hop, C. Katlein, A. Sundfjord, K. Bluhm, M. Daase, A. Engel, A. Fransson, M. A. Granskog, S. R. Hudson, S. Kristiansen, M. Nicolaus, I. Peeken, A. H. H. Renner, G. Spreen, A. Tatarek, & J. Wiktor (2013). Floating ice-algal aggregates below melting Arctic sea ice. PLoS ONE, 8(10), e76599. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0076599 [Article (PDF-File)]
  77. Kwok, R., G. Spreen, & S. Pang (2013). Arctic sea ice circulation and drift speed: decadal trends and ocean currents. J. Geophys. Res., 118(5), 2408–2425. doi:10.1002/jgrc.20191 [Article (PDF-file)]
  78. Spreen, G., R. Kwok, & D. Menemenlis (2011). Trends in Arctic sea ice drift and role of wind forcing: 1992-2009. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L19501. doi:10.1029/2011GL048970 [Article (PDF-file)]
  79. Kern, S., L. Kaleschke, & G. Spreen (2010). Climatology of the Nordic (Irminger, Greenland, Barents, Kara, White/Pechora) Seas ice cover based on 85 GHz satellite microwave radiometry: 1992-2008. Tellus A, 62A, 411–434. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00457.x [Article (PDF-File)]
  80. Brümmer, B., G. Müller, C. Klepp, G. Spreen, R. Romeiser, & J. Horstmann (2010). Characteristics and impact of a gale-force storm field over the Norwegian Sea. Tellus A, 62A, 481–496. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00448.x [Article (PDF-file)]
  81. Spreen, G., S. Kern, D. Stammer, & E. Hansen (2009). Fram Strait sea ice volume export estimated between 2003 and 2008 from satellite data. Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L19502. doi:10.1029/2009GL039591 [Article (PDF-file)]
  82. Heygster, G., H. Wiebe, G. Spreen, & L. Kaleschke (2009). AMSR-E Geolocation and Validation of Sea Ice Concentrations Based on 89 GHz Data. Journal of the Remote Sensing Society of Japan, 29(1), 226–235. [Article (PDF-File)]
  83. Kern, S., M. Brath, R. Fontes, M. Gade, K.-W. Gurgel, L. Kaleschke, T. Schlick, G. Spreen, S. Schulz, A. Winderlich, & D. Stammer (2009). Multi3Scat – A helicopter-based Scatterometer for Snow Cover and Sea Ice Investigations. IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett., 6(4), 703–707. doi:10.1109/LGRS.2009.2023823 [Article (PDF-file)]
  84. Spreen, G., L. Kaleschke, & G. Heygster (2008). Sea ice remote sensing using AMSR-E 89-GHz channels. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 113, C02S03. doi:10.1029/2005JC003384 [Article (PDF-file)]
  85. Brümmer, B., D. Schröder, G. Müller, G. Spreen, A. Jahnke-Bornemann, & J. Launiainen (2008). Impact of a Fram Strait cyclone on ice edge, drift, divergence and concentration: Possibilities and limits of an observational analysis. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans, 113, C12003. doi:10.1029/2007JC004149 [Article (PDF-file)]
  86. Haarpaintner, J., & G. Spreen (2007). Use of Enhanced-Resolution QuikSCAT/SeaWinds Data for Operational Ice Services and Climate Research: Sea Ice Edge, Type, Concentration, and Drift. IEEE Trans. Geosci. Rem. Sens., 45(10), 3131–3137. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2007.895419 [Article (PDF-file)]
  87. Kern, S., G. Spreen, L. Kaleschke, S. De La Rosa Höhn, & G. Heygster (2007). Polynya Signature Simulation Method polynya area in comparison to AMSR-E 89 GHz sea-ice concentrations in the Ross Sea and off the Adélie Coast, Antarctica, for 2002-05: first results. Ann. Glaciol., 46, 409–418. doi:10.3189/172756407782871585 [Article (PDF-file)]
  88. Spreen, G., S. Kern, D. Stammer, R. Forsberg, & J. Haarpaintner (2006). Satellite-based Estimates of Sea Ice Volume Flux through Fram Strait. Ann. Glaciol., 44, 321–328. doi:10.3189/172756406781811385 [Article (PDF-File)]
  89. Kern, S., Y. Chen, D. Stammer, & G. Spreen (2006). The Sea-Ice Compactness in the Greenland and Barents Sea during 1979-2003: Changes and Links to the Surface Air Flow. Ann. Glaciol., 44, 30–36. doi:10.3189/172756406781811808 [Article (PDF-File)]